Love In The Canterbury Tales Essay Research free essay sample

Love In The Canterbury Tales Essay, Research Paper Henry Louis Mencken expressed, # 8220 ; Love: The maniacal conviction that one grown-up female varies from another. # 8221 ; This witticism sounds valid for the explorers that Geoffrey Chaucer went with on the travelers venture in The Canterbury Tales. Every one of the essayist # 8217 ; s characters fit in their ain unique, each with their ain account. As the stories are let one know by one, the explorers # 8217 ; notions and emotions are uncovered for the host furthermore, the peruser to quantify. This uncovers of import characteristics, counting how the train sees love. These highlights are generally striking in footings of the heroic Knight, the oil Miller, and the autonomous Wife of Bath. The Knight is picked as the main pioneer to express his account and take the host # 8217 ; s challenge vigorously. # 8220 ; He was judicious, he bore himself each piece compliantly as a lady, # 8221 ; shows the Knight # 8217 ; s hesitance to show feeling and just to make each piece a lot of a fundamental ( # 8221 ; The General Preamble # 8221 ; , ll. We will compose a custom article test on Love In The Canterbury Tales Essay Research or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page 68-69 ) . As a # 8220 ; valid, great, delicate knight, # 8221 ; he is raised by the codification of grant ( # 8221 ; The General Prologue # 8221 ; , ll. 72 ) . The Knight # 8217 ; s account is loaded up with a feeling of gallantry, mental fortitude, and pride. The account analogs folklore, covering with aspects of the ideal picture of a grown-up female, Emily. The lady is spoken to as a goddess, and as the Platonic idea of adoration. The Knight # 8217 ; s see on love is extremely Christian # 8211 ; impacted by his profound crusades extremely unadulterated, and shortsighted. # 8220 ; A babbler and a Teller of bar accounts, # 8221 ; the Miller howls his # 8220 ; definition # 8221 ; of adoration through his fabliau and collaboration with different explorers ( # 8221 ; The General Prologue # 8221 ; , ll. 562 ) . Envisioned like the Satan, the Miller lures followings through temptation of fiendishness what's more, his bagpipes. The affection for the Miller is creature and bestial, seen through his depiction of his mammoth like self image and the youthful method of Alison. It is increasingly physical that whatever else, since disgrace is of no conce radon. Moral thought processes are free everyplace refering the oafish Miller, and his entire story is a colossal tragedy. The Wife of Bath # 8217 ; s position of adoration comes into battle with the other gender, what's more most generalizations. As a mind boggling grown-up female, her story involves obscenity, admission, and talk. The biggest perspective of the Wife # 8217 ; s character incorporates her longing of control. The Wife of Shower has an accepted approval, coming principal in the case of covering with her five hubbies or contributions at chapel. The Wife matches the old grown-up female who at last increments command over the knight in her story. However she shows introduction when being struck somewhere near her fourth hubby. The vermilion hosiery, # 8220 ; her plentiful hips, # 8221 ; and # 8220 ; hole toothed grinning # 8221 ; are images of her evil popular notoriety ( # 8221 ; The General Preface # 8221 ; , ll. 458, 470, 474 ) . In any case, the Wife of Bath # 8217 ; s numbness negates her experience. # 8220 ; One may advocate a grown-up female to be a virgin, however reding is non a decree, # 8221 ; shows the false impressions and defective sensible considering Biblical Bible that makes the Wife # 8217 ; s purposes of positions invalid ( # 8221 ; The Wife of Bath # 8221 ; , ll. 66-67 ) . Similar to the Wife # 8217 ; s character bewildering, so is her tenet on adoration. She is urged my her feelings and the fulfillment that she gets. She takes her through and through freedom to the limits as force for her own expansion. Through each explorer # 8217 ; individual story, love and the connection between grown-up male and grown-up female is delineated in their ain noticeable radiation. In the Knight # 8217 ; s eyes, his cultured love shows the trophy as the genuine Emily. The Miller # 8217 ; s coarseness and revoltingness prompts his places of criminal discussion and lasciviousness as adoration. For the Wife of Bath, her craving forever prompts love perceived as being accountable for energy. With respect to Mr. Mencken, the Knight, the Miller, and the Wife of Bath ought to do him extremely glad, since the entirety of the pioneers # 8217 ; stories are set into battle by their hypothetical record of a grown-up female and their arranged love for that grown-up female.

America through the Decades Free Essays

Since the commencement of the United States, there have been significant decades that have affected in various manner in the life of American. There are a few decades which have enormously changed the life of Americans in a positive manner while different decades have had a negative effect in the life of America. As a rule, there are significant occasions that will happen in certain years that will have an extraordinary affected in the later existence of a country. We will compose a custom article test on America as the decades progressed or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now One of the most significant decades throughout the entire existence of the United States was the decade somewhere in the range of 1940 and 1950s. This decade was characterized the section of the US into the Second World War andâ â the subsequent arrangement of the United Nations. A few students of history have contended that this decade arranged the United States to assume the superpower job that it has accepted on the planet. The 1940-multi decade had an extraordinary affected in characterizing the American military force that impelled it to a superpower status on the planet. This paper will investigate the absolute most significant occasion that occurred throughout the entire existence of the United States in the 1940-multi decade. The paper will follow the possible section of the United States into the war after the Pearl Harbor assault by Japan and the subsequent annihilation of Japan and give up of Germany. The paper will likewise investigate the job that the United States played in the possible development of the United Nations that has become a significant world body in intervention of contentions. 1940-multi decade The 1940-multi decade was one of the most difficult decades in the twentieth century. The decade came following the American economy was recouping from the Great Depression after the New Deal had been arrived at which enormously changed the financial circumstance of the nation. In this decade the number of inhabitants in the United States remained at 132,122, 000 and toward the start of the decade, the pace of joblessness remained at 8,120,000. Because of the impact of the Great melancholy and the expense of the First World War, the national obligation remained at $43 billion. Future remained at 68.2 for females and 60.8 for males.â This was likewise the decade which saw the Supreme Court make a decision that blacks reserve a privilege to cast a ballot which denoted the finish of the severe Jim Crow laws. This decade likewise observed the finish of the Second World War and the ascent of the Soviet Union and the United states as the two superpowers on the planet which additionally denoted the start of the virus war. To the United States, this decade was specific significant since it denoted the change of US from universal estrangement to a significant player in the worldwide undertakings and a significant interventionist in worldwide conflicts.â Let us look in the subtleties of the occasions that formed the decade. (Threeworldwars, 2008) The 1940s were characterized the occasion encompassing the World War II. Since American section into the primary world, it had finished its times of detachment from major worldwide issues. The First World War has instructed America that the world was getting progressively incorporated and what befell its reality was likewise liable to happen to her. The First World War had seen American wake up from her status which had honey bee delineated in the Monroe Document which maintained the rule of non impedance in European undertakings.  While the First World War was promptly trailed by the Great Depression, the 1940s introduced another decade past the Great discouragement yet new difficulties of the Second World War was another test that the nation needed to experience (Lone star school, 1999). The decade introduced with the Japanese assault of the Pearl Harbor on December 7 1941. There had been gossipy tidbits that Japan was intending to assault Pearl Harbor in emphasis for the United States burden on the nation. Anyway American powers didn't anticipate that the assault should occur and when it occurred, it got a large portion of them by surprise.â The Japanese planes assaulted maritime base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii killing in excess of 2,300 American and wrecking the USS Arizona and USS Oklahoma capsized.â â The assault additionally sank three additional boats and 180 airplane were pulverized. (Herbert, 2004) This assault was a genuine astonishment to the United States government subterranean insect it came when the nation was engaged with an issue whether to go to the war or not. Church Hill had made a few endeavors to impact US President Franklin Roosevelt to join Britain into the war however there was opposition from the congress and the from the US open. The nation was occupied in remaking its economy after the staggering Great Depression.  However the Pearl Harbor assault was the occasion that clarified that American needed to go to the path paying little heed to the lack of bias status that many had been calling for. Step by step instructions to refer to America as the decades progressed, Papers

These are the drones youre looking for

These are the drones you’re looking for Hi, I’m Mollie! I used to go here. I was one of the OG bloggers, majored in biology and brain and cognitive sciences, and I graduated in 2006. Since graduation, I’ve been pursuing the slow boat of academic science â€" I went to another school in Cambridge and got my Ph.D. in Cell and Developmental Biology, and I’ve been working since then as a postdoctoral fellow in developmental neurobiology at Children’s Hospital Boston. I’ve been living in Boston since I blundered onto MIT’s campus fresh out of Columbus, Ohio for the first day of freshman orientation in fall 2002, but I’ll be moving to the west coast in about six weeks to start as an adjunct lecturer at Santa Clara University. Most of the reason Im abandoning the east coast â€" because, to be honest, I love Boston, and I am super-bummed to leave â€" is that sophomore year at MIT, I met this cute aerospace engineering major, we got married after graduation, and his alarming levels of talent at building tiny airplanes led to him being offered a job at Google. So he’s been in California for the past two years, and I’ve been finishing my postdoc in Boston, and frankly we are pretty tired of this whole long-distance marriage thing. But Ive had a pretty productive year: I published a paper in Science, one in Neuron, and one in Cell Reports. So I am hitching up my covered wagon and hitting the Oregon Trail. (Is that not how this works? I hear the Donner Pass is great this time of year.) The cute-aerospace-engineering-major-boyfriend-now-aerospace-engineer-husband has been a frequent character  on the blogs for the past decade, so I figured, why stop now? Particularly because you might be wondering what a professional aerospace engineer does in his free time. Build model airplanes. That’s what. You might think, wow, doesn’t he do enough of that, like, at work? And the answer is ARE YOU JOKING? He’s always been a model airplane builder, even back when they were called R/C planes and not drones, but the proliferation of new bits and bobs available in the past few years has enabled him to up his game from building pre-designed kits to designing his own planes and making them exactly the way he imagines them. He’s a bit of a Star Wars nut, and recently, he’s been on a quest to build and fly one of every ship in Wookieepedia. Step one, obviously, is to use a commercially available toy to make a flying version of the speeder bikes from the Battle of Endor. After the speeder bikes, he made an imperial shuttle, complete with retracting wings and ominous music. For his latest build, he branched out into the real world, making a scale model of the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket and landing it on a mini-barge in the middle of his friend’s (unfortunately green, yes) swimming pool. I havent heard whats next, but if you’re interested in more details about his builds, check out his Youtube channel, his posts on RCGroups, or the pieces he’s written for Make. For my part, Im trying to do all my favorite Boston things one last time before I leave in September. And I’m hoping that when I move to California, I can appropriate some of the closet space currently dedicated to his builds. Some of us want to build Star Wars drones, others of us just want to put away our clothes, you know?

The Effect of Money on Frequency of Divorce Essay

Missing Figures INTRODUCTION Despite the fact that divorce is discussed in almost any sociology or anthropology book, no unified explanations for family instability are available. Levinson and Malone (1980: 69) state that anthropologists have offered little in the way of trustworthy, universal explanations for divorce. The differences in cultures, traditions, and practices among societies make it almost impossible to offer general explanations for family instability. The widely held belief is that when a significant amount of money or property is exchanged, the marriage is more stable. This belief is supported by Minturn et al. (1969: 308) findings that absence of bride price, dowry, and gift exchange at marriage make divorce†¦show more content†¦Among them, bride price or bride wealth is one of the most frequently used methods. In other words, the most common type of marriage payment is that the husband or his family pays the brideï ¿ ½s family. The least common method of payments is probably dowry, w hich is paid to the bride from her family. Other types of practices in these societies include gift exchange, bride service, token bride price, sister or female relative exchange. Levinson and Malone (1980: 73) also point out that one other way of obtaining a spouse is known as bride theft, which is defined as . . . the forcible abduction of a woman for the purpose of marriage, without the knowledge or consent of her parents or guardians. There are, of course, societies that do not practice any type of marriage payment. LITERATURE After looking at the definition of marriage and the different types of marriage transactions, I began my research with some cross-cultural literature. According to Minturn et al. (1969: 308), a bride price often serves as a mechanism to discourage divorce. Family pressure on the woman to keep the marriage relationship intact is tremendous. For her family is reluctant to give up what they have received for her. Furthermore, her father often relies on the installments paid on her to meet payments due on her mother. In short, the literature suggests that divorce should be infrequent inShow MoreRelatedCauses of Divorce Essay886 Words   |  4 PagesCause and Effect of Divorce In today’s society, divorce is more the norm than ever before. Forty percent of all marriages end in divorce. Divorce defined by Webster is the action or an instance of legally dissolving a marriage. Divorce itself is both a cause and effect. There are many causes of divorce. Some of the causes happen more often than others. For instance, the most common causes of divorce are poor communication, financial problems such as lack of money, lack of commitment to marriageRead MoreFinance : The Five Highest Caused Of Divorce994 Words   |  4 Pagescaused of divorce. A survey that was conducted by The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79), sponsored by the Bureau of Labor Statistics was nationally representative of 12,686 individuals. They first started to hand out survey in 1979 when the respondents were between the ages of fourteen and twenty-two, until 1994 and surveyed every year since then (Britt, Sonya, and Sandra). This survey asked the respondents on r elationship satisfaction based on the frequency of money arguments inRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Their Parents Essay1270 Words   |  6 PagesDivorce is a life-transforming event that is caused by and lead to a variety of different conditions. Above all else, divorce has a huge influence on children and their parents, respectively. For parents who are getting divorced, it is crucially important to keep an eye on kids’ mental conditions and behavior – for children found themselves lost in such â€Å"unfamiliar† situation (Raynish, 2007). It has been researched by American Psychological Association (2016) that the divorce rate significantlyRead MoreEssay on Effects of Divorce on a Child1464 Words   |  6 PagesDivorce is a very common word in todays society. According to the American Heritage Dictionary, divorce is the legal dissolution of a marriage or a complete or radical severance of closely connected things(Pickett, 2000). This dissolution of marriage has increased very rapidly in the past fifty years. In 1950 the ratio of divorce to marriage was one in every four; in 1977 that statistic became one in two. Currently one in every two first marriages results in divorce. In second marriages thatRead MoreThe Effects of Changing Family Structures on the Children1163 Words   |  5 PagesMany families today suffer from a separation between the parental figures. The reason for the separation hardly matters. However, the separation will always have an effect on the children of the family. Personally, I went throu gh a family separation when my parents decided to separate and I found that what mostly affected my younger sibling and I was not the absence of my father, but the instability that came with his absence. The argument, â€Å"Are Fathers Necessary for a Child’s Well-Being?† can beRead MoreEssay on Divorce in America1453 Words   |  6 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Divorce rates in the United States have increased dramatically in the past 25 years. Over 40 percent of the marriages among young Americans will end in divorce. There is a lot of stress on all the people involved. The man has to deal with, usually, not seeing his children, being alone, and the responsibility that is accompanied with much of the legal process. The wife has to go through, maybe, entering the work force for the first time. Children are often viewed as a back burner issueRead MorePersonal Journey Of A Fatherless Woman Essay1565 Words   |  7 PagesDominican Republic was not an easy task. He came to the land of opportunities like many other families, looking to provide a better future for his children and wife. My father would write letters, send pictures and of course provided anything that money could buy. I finally met my father when I was seven. At that age, I did not know how to feel. It was strange having him at home for a couple of days then he would travel back to the United States. It is safe to say that my upbringing being a daughterRead MoreThe American Gaming Association ( Aga )1465 Words   |  6 Pagesmany scandals in American sports. Athletes, coaches, and referees in various sports have been involved in different scandals through fixing games to change the outcome. To ‘fix’ a game is when gamblers predetermine the outcome of a game by paying money to players, referees, or anyone th at can change the outcome. For example, in the 1919 Major League Baseball World Series, the Chicago White Sox lost against the Cincinnati Reds in a scandal that is considered the â€Å"†¦most famous fix of all† (Abram andRead MoreSinglehood, Hanging Out, Hooking Up, and Cohabitation778 Words   |  4 Pageshaving multiple dates at once in a couple of minutes. This procedure can be helpful because both women and men can meet and socialize multiple people in a certain amount of time instead of taking the whole evening just for one date. Dating after divorce could be a little challenging and cal also have a few problems; the way they date could be completely different than when they first did. They tend to use the Internet for new partners, there are fewer potential partners, and there is a higher changeRead MoreThe Effects Of Chiropractic Therapy On Children860 Words   |  4 Pagescertain stresses and environments. In a recent study, a 12 year-old boy suffered from a ch ronic medical issue. Chronic pain is a serious medical diagnosis resulting in a mild to severe pain continuously. Emotional and toxic stress has a major effect on children. Divorce, violence, and peer pressure are all examples of emotional stresses, while pollution, packages food, and vaccines are toxic stresses. Frequent adjustments allow the body to resist the body’s stress-causing agents. Newborns should be checked

The Cherry Orchard Essay - 852 Words

The Cherry Orchard The Misunderstood Comedy When the first production of The Cherry Orchard was performed on stage in Moscow, there was a significant difference of opinion between the author and directors. Chekhov strongly faulted the directors interpretation that the play should be preformed as a tragedy and insisted that what he had written was a comedy. The famous philosopher Aristotle defined a comedy as quot;an imitation of characters of a lower type who are not bad in themselves but whose faults possess something ludicrous in them.quot; The misinterpretation of The Cherry Orchard could be mainly due to a misunderstanding of the comic character. A quot;comicquot; character is generally supposed to†¦show more content†¦It is this that forms the ludicrous or comic essence of Lyubovs character. True, Lyubov’s character does have her tragic moments. At the end of act four, Ania refers to her mother as to having been crying all morning. Lyubov also expresses a lot of stress from not having money, even though her actions do not show it. The main theme of the play can be generally taken to be the passing of the old order of Russian society, symbolized by the sale of the cherry orchard. Since Chekhov did not belong to the ranks of the Ranevsky family, unlike other authors who had written plays on the same theme, Chekhov wrote The Cherry Orchard without becoming personally involved. He was able to see the the comedy of the whole situation and give it an artistic form of a play full of comic characters. Nothing was further form Chekhovs thoughts then that his characters should spread a feeling of gloom or depression on his audience. Therefore the symbolism of the cherry orchard had nothing to do with its sale. All it expresses is one of the common reoccurringShow MoreRelatedThe Cherry Orchard2124 Words   |  9 PagesThe Cherry Orchard: Critical Analysis The Cherry Orchard by Anton Chekhov is about a Russian family that is unable to prevent its beloved estate from being sold in an auction due to financial problems. The play has been dubbed a tragedy by many of its latter producers. However, Chekhov labeled his play a farce, or more of a comedy. Although this play has a very tragic backdrop of Russia#8217;s casualty-ridden involvement in both World Wars and the Communist Revolution, the characters andRead MoreCherry Orchard Analysis1685 Words   |  7 Pagesobject, place, or memory. In The Cherry Orchard, by Anton Chekov, Madame Ranevsky owns an estate with a cherry orchard. However, following the death of her son and husband, she fled to Paris and abandoned the orchard for over five years. Eventually, she found her way back to the estate, but with a major problem; she cannot afford the mortgage and is at great risk of losing the estate for good. She is racing against the clock to find a solution to keep the orchard. By having L opakhin be a characterRead MoreThe Cherry Orchard Essay751 Words   |  4 Pagesusing language that is poetic, the language used in modernist literature is explicit. Anton Chekhov’s â€Å"The Cherry Orchard† is an example of Modern literature because it tosses aside traditional structures and theatrical conventions. The play’s four act structure and the symbolism of the setting both exemplify examples of modernism in literature. The four act structure of â€Å"The Cherry Orchard† is an example of modernism because it rejects the traditional five act structure used in romanticism. ChekhovRead MoreThe Cherry Orchard By Anton Chekhov903 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Cherry Orchard† is a drama which contains a hint of comedy that originates from the country of Russia, by way of the author Anton Chekhov. The drama is centered around Russia’s popular form of slavery, which is the acquisition of a serf. Contrary to theatrical or modern conceptions of slavery, the contract between a serf and their owner could be dismissed on the grounds of buying your freedom. In correspondence with the history of Russia, Chekhov expands on the meaning of freedom by interpretingRead MoreChekhov s The Cherry Orchard756 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"I seem to have lost my sight†: Nobility’s Privileged Blindness in The Cherry Orchard In Anton Chekhov’s The Cherry Orchard, Lyubov Ranevsky loses her estate because she is unwilling to resort to commercializing it and renting it out. Ranevsky tells Peter Trofimov, â€Å"You see where the truth is, and where untruth is, but I seem to have lost my sight and see nothing†¦ because you’re young, because you haven’t had time to suffer†¦ You boldly look forward, isn t it because you cannot foresee or expectRead MoreThe Cherry Orchard By Anton Chekov1304 Words   |  6 Pagessuccessful citizens rising from the unknown to fame, or poverty to wealth shows the â€Å"common man† that if they desire a similar outcome, there exists a possibility of attaining a higher social status. Occasionally, as depicted in the play The Cherry Orchard by Anton Chekov, instances where honest means to attain fortune occasionally arise. By utilizing dialogue and direction, action, and images, he makes clear the dishonest motives of the character Lopakhin, especially within the third act. In orderRead MoreEssay about The Cherry Orchard2020 Words   |  9 Pages The Cherry Orchard: Critical Analysis nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Cherry Orchard by Anton Chekhov is about a Russian family that is unable to prevent its beloved estate from being sold in an auction due to financial problems. The play has been dubbed a tragedy by many of its latter producers. However, Chekhov labeled his play a farce, or more of a comedy. Although this play has a very tragic backdrop of Russias casualty-ridden involvement in both World Wars and the Communist RevolutionRead MoreA. Chekhov - the Cherry Orchard Commentary4493 Words   |  18 PagesThe Cherry Orchard is Russian playwright Anton Chekhov s last play. It premiered at the Moscow Art Theatre 17 January 1904 in a production directed by Constantin Stanislavski. Chekhov intended this play as a comedy and it does contain some elements of farce; however, Stanislavski insisted on directing the play as a tragedy. Since this initial production, directors have had to contend with the dual nature of this play. The play concerns an aristocratic Russian woman and her family as they returnRead MoreThe Cherry Orchard by Anton Chekhov987 Words   |  4 PagesAnton Chekhov, like Henrik Ibsen, is considered a prominent writer on culture and society. Chekhov’s works are noteworthy, in part, because of the lives they portray. In The Cherry Orchard, he writes of a world shackled by a caste system, and he exposes the need for reform. As the title states, the play is set in a cherry orchard. The play revolves around an aristocratic family and other minor characters, but the problem is the family is broke. Chekhov uses the symbolic characters’ memories as a wayRead MoreThe Cherry Orchard and Three Sisters600 Words   |  3 Pages The Cherry Orchard and Three Sisters. The Cherry Orchard is a play about a family that is about to lose their home. The madam of the house came home from Paris to find her frivolous spending and her brothers in competence will cost them their inheritance. As well as their family home all they seem to want is to be happy. Their life goals seem to be to have love and not have to be peasants. Also they want to keep the family orchard as it is when splitting it up would save them

Topic the United States Home Front During World War Ii Free Essays

string(220) " barred from employment in industries engaged in defense production solely because of considerations of race, creed, color, or national origin, to the detriment workers’ morale and of national unity: Now, therefore, \." Topic: The United States Home Front During World War II Essential Question: â€Å"How important was the home front to the United States’ victory in World War II? National Standard for United States History: Era 8, Standard 3 The origins and course of World War II, the character of the war at home and abroad, and its reshaping of the United States role on world affairs. Instructional Objectives: Students will be able to: 1. Explain and evaluate extensive economic and military mobilization on the home front by the United States during World War II and its impact of the success of the war effort. We will write a custom essay sample on Topic: the United States Home Front During World War Ii or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2. Explain how the whole country, across all economic and social levels, was involved in a unified effort to produce the goods of war and of the common sacrifice made by every citizen through rationing, victory gardens, bond drives, etc. 3. Analyze and assess the effects of World War II on culture, family, gender roles, and technology in American society. Background Description/Historical Significance: Although there were no military battles fought on the mainland of the United States, World War II had a profound effect on the nation as the Federal government mobilized its economic, financial, and human resources to defeat Axis aggression. This war returned the nation to economic prosperity after a decade of dismal depression, promoted the growth of big business, and enhanced a close relationship between industry and the military. Politically, the power of the presidency and influence of the Federal government increased, and socially and economically, the war, through common sacrifice made by all, became a vehicle for improving the status of Americans. In short, the war became a catalyst for significant economic and social change whose impact extended well-beyond its duration. For example, before the war women had traditionally played a secondary role in the job market and men had dominated the industrial job sector. However, with millions of men being drafted or joining the military, women were needed to man the factories and supply centers producing goods for the war. (Over 400,000 women also served in the military during World War II. ) They also had traditionally faced job discrimination and lower pay levels, but some of these inequities began to fade as they took on more and more responsibility in factories and production centers. Posters extolling â€Å"Rosie the Riveter† were printed, recognizing the need and importance of recruiting women for the work force. Between 1941 and 1944, the number of women working outside the home rose by 5,000,000. By 1944, 72% of the female workforce were married women and their average age was over thirty-five. The war could not have been won without them. The war also began to create a more level playing field for minorities who had traditionally faced discrimination. All Americans were needed in the war effort and so black American, Hispanic Americans, and Japanese Americans (where in California whole families had been sent to military detention camps), were being drafted and joining the military. In the case of African and Japanese Americans, separate and segregated military units were created†¦ yet, they fought on the same battlefields with their fellow citizens. Changes also occurred on the home front. Factory workers were needed in the industrial north, and a migration of black workers to northern factories began and would continue until many years after the war had ended. What happened in the country during this time was really remarkable. America’s entry into the war had brought the Nation together, united in a common and just cause, like at no other time in its history. The sacrifice being made by families and citizens was equally and fully shared. At the same time, social change was occurring which would carry over into the post-war years and ultimately result in more equal rights for everyone. What was happening on war front was linked to the home front. The combination would result at war’s end with America emerging as the world’s pre-eminent economic super power. Instructional Activities and Primary Source/Document Excerpts: The following document excerpts, photographs, and posters can be selected, read, discussed, analyzed, and assessed by students, either individually for subsequent general class discussion, in a pair-and-share format, or in small groups with a cooperative learning activity. At the discretion of the teacher, document excerpts, photographs, and posters could grouped at designated â€Å"stations† in the classroom, and small groups of students could rotate from station to station during the instructional period. As the groups of students examine, explain, and evaluate the pictures and texts of the following selected documents, they will begin to ascertain and assess the pivotal role that the American home front played in the Allied victory in World War II. The teacher can select (as a menu) which of the following photographs, posters, and document excerpts are most appropriate for the instructional needs of their students on this historical topic. Following these photographs, posters, and document excerpts there is a menu of thought-provoking questions to stimulate student discussion and interaction. As a discussion prompt for either small group or whole class discussion, the teacher can present the following adage to the students: â€Å"If ‘every picture tells a story,’ describe what story about the American home front in World War II is being told by the following photographs and posters. † The photographs and posters of women and African Americans during World War II have been selected from the following websites:www. womenshistory. about. com and www. archives. gov/research/african-americans/ww2 [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] Document â€Å"A†: Whereas it is the policy of the United States to encourage full participation in the national defense program by all citizens of the United States, regardless of race, creed, color, or national origin, in the firm belief that the democratic way of life within the Nation can be defended successfully only with the help and support of all groups within its borders, and Whereas there is evidence that available and needed workers have been barred from employment in industries engaged in defense production solely because of considerations of race, creed, color, or national origin, to the detriment workers’ morale and of national unity: Now, therefore, . You read "Topic: the United States Home Front During World War Ii" in category "Essay examples" . . I do hereby reaffirm the policy of the United States that there shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government because of race, creed, color, or national origin, and I do hereby declare that it is the duty of employers and of labor organizations . . . to provide for the full and equitable participation of all workers in defense industries, without discrimination because of race, creed, color, or national origin. . . . All contracting agencies of the Government of the United States shall include in all defense contracts hereafter negotiated by them a provision obligating the contractor not to discriminate against any worker because of race, creed, color, or national origin. † —– Executive Order 8802, June 25, 1941 by President Franklin Roosevelt Document â€Å"B†: It is the policy of the Government of the United States to encourage full participation in the National Defense program by all citizens, regardless of r ace, creed, color, or national origin in the firm belief that the democratic way of life within the nation can be defended successfully only with the help and support of all groups within its borders. The policy was stated in my Executive Order signed on June 25, 1941. The order instructed all parties making contracts with the Government of the United States to include in all defense contracts thereafter a provision obligating the contractor not to discriminate against any worker because of race, creed, color, or national origin. Questions of race, creed, and color have no place in determining who are to man our ships. The sole qualification for a worker in the maritime industry, as well as any other industry, should be his loyalty and his professional or technical ability and training. † —– Letter from President Franklin Roosevelt to Mr. Joseph Curran, President of the National Maritime Union, January 14, 1942 Document â€Å"C†: â€Å"I welded . . . lying on the floor while another welder spattered sparks from the ceiling and chippers like giant woodpeckers shattered our eardrums. I . . . have sat at a bench welding flat and vertical plates. . . I did overhead welding, horizontal, flat, vertical. . . I made some good welds. . . I had a good taste of summer today, and I am convinced that it is going to take backbone for welders to stick to their jobs through the summer months. It is harder on them than on any other of the workers—their leathers are so hot and heavy, they get more of the fumes, and their hoods become instruments of torture. There were times today when I’d have to stop in the middle of a tack and push my hood back just to get a breath of fresh air. It grows unbearably hot under the hood, my glasses fog and blur my vision, and the only thing to do is to stop. . . . Yet, the job confirmed my strong conviction. . . [that] what exhausts the woman welder is not the work, nor the heat, nor the demands upon physical strength. It is the apprehension that arises from inadequate skill and consequent lack of confidence, and this can be overcome by the right kind of training. I’ve mastered tacking now, so that doesn’t bother me. I know that I can do it if my machine is correctly set, and I have learned enough of the [ways] of machines to be able to set them. And so, in spite of the discomforts of climbing, heavy equipment, and heat, I enjoyed the work today because I could do it. † —– Augusta Clawson, a female welder in a shipyard, quoted from Augusta Clawson, Ship Diary of a Woman Welder (New York: Penguin, 1944). Document â€Å"D†: In the figure below the development of the United States labor force by gender during the war years. |Year |Total labor force (*1000) |of which Male (*1000) |of which Female (*1000) |Female share of total (%) | |1940 |56,100 |41,940 |14,160 |25. | |1941 |57,720 |43,070 |14,650 |25. 4 | |1942 |60,330 |44,200 |16,120 |26. 7 | |1943 |64,780 |45,950 |18,830 |29. 1 | |1944 |66,320 |46,930 |19,390 |29. 2 | |1945 |66,210 |46,910 |19,304 |29. | |1946 |60,520 |43,690 |16,840 |27. 8 | Source: Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States (1976 ), Chapter D, Labor Series D 29-41. Document â€Å"E†: â€Å"It is nearly five months since we were attacked at Pearl Harbor. . . . Since then we have dispatched strong forces of our Army and Navy, several hundred thousand of them, to bases and battlefronts thousands of miles from home. We have stepped up our war production on a scale that is testing our industrial power, and our engineering genius and our economic structure to the utmost. . . . This is a tough job—and a long one. . . To build the factories, to buy the materials, to pay the labor, to provide the transportation, to equip and feed and house the soldiers, sailors and marines, and to do all the thousands of things necessary in a war—all cost a lot of money, more money than has ever been spent by any nation at any time in the long history of the world. We are now spending, solely for war purposes the sum of about one hundred million dollars every day in the week. . . . All of this money has to be sp ent. . . if we are to produce within the time now available the enormous quantities of weapons of war which we need. . . . All of us are used to spending money for things that we want, things which are not absolutely essential. We will all have to forego that kind of spending. Because we must put every dime and every dollar we can possibly spare out of our earnings into War Bonds and Stamps. Because the demands of the war effort require the rationing of goods of which there is not enough to go around. Because the stopping of purchases of non-essentials will release thousands of workers who are needed in the war effort. . . . I know the American farmer, the American workman, and the American businessman. I know that they will gladly embrace the economy and equality of sacrifice, satisfied that it is necessary for the most vial and compelling motive in all their lives—winning through to victory. . . As we here at home contemplate our own duties, our own responsibilities, let us think. . . hard of the example which is being set by our fighting men. . . . They are the United States of America. That is why they fight. We too are the United States of America. That is why we must work and sacrifice. It is f or them. It is for us. It is for victory. † —– President Franklin Roosevelt, Fireside Radio Chat, April 28, 1942 Document F â€Å"In late May 1940, with the fall of France imminent, [President] Roosevelt requested huge funds for the development of military and naval requirements. On December 20, 1940, he established the Office of Production Management with industrial leader William S. Knudsen as Director†¦. On December 29, 1940, in a fireside chat on the radio, he called for a national production effort that would make the United States the world’s â€Å"arsenal of democracy†. [After the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941,] at the beginning of 1942 Roosevelt announced a compulsory production program: ‘Let no one say that this cannot be done, and we are committed to doing it. ’ He issued a clarion call for 60,000 planes, 45,000 tanks, 20,000 antiaircraft guns, 500,000 machine guns, and 8 million tons of merchant shipping in one year†¦. The entire world was amazed by the pace of American production. By 1943, the production schedule was increased to 125,000 planes, 75,000 tanks, 35,000 antiaircraft guns, and 10 million tons of merchant shipping†¦. During the course of the war the productive capacity of the United States gave the allied coalition more than half its armaments, 35% of those used against Nazi Germany, and 86% of those employed against Japan. While providing the United Kingdom, the British Commonwealth, the Soviet Union, and Nationalist China with arms and loans, the United States at the same time doubled its industrial output. † Louis L. Snyder’s Historical Guide to World War II Greenwood Press: Westport, Conn: Louis Snyder: 1982 Sample Thought-provoking Questions To Develop Student Group or Whole-Class Discussion: 1. If the adage, â€Å"Every picture tells a story,† is applied to each of the above-listed photographs and posters, how did World War II affect the lives of women and African Americans? † 2. How did World War II affect American family life? 3. Explain the meaning of President Roosevelt’s Executive Order 8802, and how did this Executive Order affect African Americans? 4. To what extent did Executive Order 8802 lay the foundation for the upcoming civil rights movement in the years after World War II? 5. Describe the experiences of women who worked in factors during World War II. (Example: female welders). Why was it important for woman to work in factories during World War II? 6. How did the contributions of women on the home front contribute to the American victory in World War II? 7. How did World War II serve as a catalyst for social change in American society? Prior to discussing Question 8 provide a brief overview and background as to the role of A. Philip Randolph, the most important African American labor leader of the time, and how he threatened to organize a March on Washington if the Defense Industries were not desegregated. 8. Explain the meaning and sign ificance of the following quotation and slogan of A. Philip Randolph, President of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, in 1941, in proposing a massive March on Washington: â€Å"WE LOYAL NEGRO AMERICAN CITIZENS DEMAND THE RIGHT TO WORK AND FIGHT FOR OUR COUNTRY. † Why did Randolph cancel the march after President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802? Do you think that Randolph made the right decision? Explain your viewpoint. 9. How did World War II end the Great Depression and return the United States to economic prosperity? 10. Why did President Roosevelt describe the United States as an â€Å"arsenal of democracy? † Summary: The teacher can refer the students back to the â€Å"essential question† which was posed at the start of the lesson: â€Å"How important was the home front to the United States’ victory in World War II? † The students are directed to respond and take a position (develop a viewpoint) on this historical issue concerning the pivotal role that the home front played in the victory of the United State in World War II. At the teacher’s discretion, the pupils’ responses can be presented orally as closure to small group and/or whole-class discussion, or in written form, such as a response to an essay prompt or a journal entry into a â€Å"learning log† to bring effective closure to the lesson. Thus, as a circular approach to teaching and learning, the lesson was â€Å"opened† with a thought-provoking â€Å"essential question† as its primary learning objective at the start of the instructional period, developed through an examination, explanation, and evaluation of primary source document excerpts through group work, cooperative learning, pair-and-share, etc. , and closed with a critical assessment through the lens of the lesson’s evaluative â€Å"essential question. † Application (â€Å"Transfer Task†): Students can compare the pivotal role and significant impact of the American home front to military victory in World War II to the role and impact of the American home front today as the as the United States fights wars against terrorism and to promote democracy in Iraq and Afghanistan. Students can also compare the roles of women and African Americans in the armed services today with the roles and opportunities that were presented to them during World War II. World War II at the Memorial: [pic] 1. Study the images of sculptor Ray Kaskey’s bas-relief panel that depict the following: †¢ Lend-Lease/War Declared †¢ News of Pearl Harbor Men and Women at Work/Aircraft Construction †¢ Agriculture †¢ West Coast Shipbuilding †¢ War bond Parade 2. How does Kaskey’s relief panel capture the essence of the heroism of the men and women who worked on the home front in factories and on farms to secure Allied victory? Do you think Kaskey’s panels reflects what you learned in this lesson? If, so explain how. 3. Study images of the two types of ornamental wreaths used around the memorial on the fifty six pillars. The oak leaves represent American industrial strength and the wheat sheaves represent America’s agricultural ability to feed the world. Why do you think Kaskey chose these particular metaphors for the home front? 4. Examine the image of the pillars of states and territories. Notice that they are all connected by ropes. What does this tell you about the memorial’s design based on what you have learned in this lesson? What does this design tell you about the nation and the American people from 1941-1945. 5. Read the memorial inscription by Colonel Oveta Culp Hobby. (marker stone on northeast side of the plaza, south face). How is what you have learned in this lesson reflected in Hobby’s quote? [pic] 6. Read the memorial inscription by President Franklin Roosevelt (marker stone on northeast side of the plaza, west face). How is what you have learned in this lesson reflected in Roosevelt’s quote? [pic] Image 1: Pacific Victory Arch and State and Territory Pillars [pic] Image 2: Atlantic Victory Arch and State and Territory Pillars [pic] Image 3: Bas-relief panel â€Å"Lend-Lease/War Declared† [pic] Image 4: Bas-relief Panel â€Å"News of Pearl Harbor† [pic] Image 5: Bas-relief panel, â€Å"Men and Women at Work/Aircraft Construction† [pic] Image 6: Agriculture [pic] Image 7: Bas-relief panel â€Å"West Coast Shipbuilding† [pic] Image 8: Bas-relief panel â€Å"War Bond Parade† [pic] The Friends of the National World War II Memorial would like to thank the generous support of the ATT Foundation, General  Motors Foundation and USAA as major sponsors of our education program who helped make these lesson plans possible. How to cite Topic: the United States Home Front During World War Ii, Essay examples

Law Theories Karl Llewellyn Essay Example

Law Theories Karl Llewellyn Essay Under this presumption, Jerome Frank highlighted the psychological aspect of Judicial decision making when pointing out that in alliance with human nature, a Judges decision may be Influenced by such monotonous occurrences as what they ate for breakfast. Karl Lineally agreed that a Judge is able to perpetrate his own personal biases on the outcome off case. Lineally ascertained, when referring to Judge Judge Judge, or arbiter of Justice, is a lead official who presides over a court of law, either alone or as part of a panel of Judges. The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of Judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. The judge is like an umpire in a game and S that, [w]hat these officials do about disputes is, to my mind, the law itself[2]. In this assessment, Leniencys realist views can be likened to that of Jerome Frank who challenged the notion of legal decisions as always being certain. Lineally agreed that law is not always a precise science, but did not agree that Judicial decisions are always uncertain[3]. There Is no single right and accurate way of reading one case, or of reading a bunch f cases[4]. In support of the aforementioned statement, as an example, Lineally offers two plausible structural arrangements in the handing down of a Judgment. In the first arrangement, consideration must be made, in that, the case can only maintain authority for that which Is required of the opinion to reach the Judgment. Anything else can be distinguished or unnecessary. In the second arrangement, the court maintains authority of the rule which forms the basis of judgment. We will write a custom essay sample on Law Theories Karl Llewellyn specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Law Theories Karl Llewellyn specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Law Theories Karl Llewellyn specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In distinguishable cases, however, it may still be applied indirectly by using statements such as We here said Or That case necessarily decided Along with the rest of the Judgment which does not encompass the rule[5]. Karl Leniencys theories on legal realism first outlined in The Bramble Bush, highlighted the importance of determining whether the legal pollens of Judges are Influenced by factors outside that of the law[6]. For ten long anal, Tort ten large-scale reshaping Ana growth AT Cottrell Ana our legal , . He almost unnoticed changes [are] more significant than the institutions historic key cases[7]. It was in Leniencys belief that a lawyer should have the ability wrought training, to be able to put forward a persuasive argument by utilizing the facts of a case rather than placing the emphases on the applicable law. In Leniencys opinion, law is gradually returning to the court tradition of the 18th century as being Precedent guided and principle controlled. This concept is o pposed to that of Owen Dioxins belief which leans towards a more ordered approach[8]. There are no fixed rules of how a principle must be applied in regards to the law. In considering this, it is possible in the same case for a number of Judges to all apply the same Renville and reach a completely different conclusion. Lineally interprets this as not an evasion or departure from the true construction of the principle, but a sound use, application, continuation and development of precedent. In Leniencys opinion, the freedom in the application of law in the courts is not to be construed as twisting precedent, as this concept carries the assumption that there is only one single meaning[9]. He main thing is what officials are going to do. And so to my mind to the main thing is seeing what officials do, do about disputes, or about anything else; and eying that there is a certain regularity in their doing a regularity which makes possible prediction of what they and other officials are about to do tomorrow. In many cases that prediction cannot be wholly certain. Then you ha ve room for something else, another main thing for the lawyer: a study of how to make the official do what you would like to have him. At that point rules do loom into importance. Great importance. For Judges think they must follow the rules, and people highly approve of that thinking[l In considering the aforementioned and the influence it has on Judicial decisions, the approach does not become limited in its authority, but instead, creates a responsibility which rests upon those in other areas of the legal profession such as lawyers. Lawyers no longer act as a foundational support, but act in the interpretation of that authority[11]. The courts manage new decisions with discretion, taking into account the sense of the situation as seen by the court[12]. It is in Leniencys Judgment that the courts are operating for the improvement of the way in which the law is being applied[13]. Leniencys theory takes this into inconsideration while also acknowledging the courts role within a changing community. Lineally came to the conclusion that the variety of ways in which a principle can be applied to a case does not affect the authority of Judicial decisions. It can, h owever, encourage the construction on the facts which point to the method of application more dominantly appropriate in the case. Karl Lineally explains in his book The Common Law Tradition,[14] the context for seeing and discussing the question to be decided is to be set by and in a body of legal doctrine, including its rules as well as TTS concepts, ideals, tendencies and pervading principles. The ideas Lineally put forward were undoubtedly important and innovative, however, they have obtained a degree AT criticism. It NAS Eden argued Tanat Leniencys Ideas Tort ten most part are impractical due to the difficulty in the implementation. The system of Jurisprudence in which Lineally has put forward could possibly require a lawyer in arguing a case adequately, to go to ridiculous lengths. This conclusion has been reached in considering the effort involved in taking into account all of the possible factors affecting the outcome of a case. This is the reason Leniencys realist theories never became the precedent for viewing the law. The law has continued to be viewed as a set of rules which are consequently applied to each separate case[1 5]. It has been conveyed that the process involved in the application of case law, and the consequential possible techniques on hand to carry out such an endeavourer, are infinite. In the process of Judicial decision making, the procedure does not always work in accordance with its desired function. Notably, in consideration of this fact, there are those who can offer an understanding of whether Lineally is in fact erect in asserting that there is no single right and correct way of reading one case, or of reading a bunch of cases[16] and that a courts decision might turn on what the judge had for breakfast[17]. There are those who, in accordance with his suggestion, can add light to the argument. In each of these methodologies, comes a new implication for the role of the Judiciary and also for its scope of authority. Sir Owen Dioxins approach in comparison to Leniencys can be seen as less philosophical and more mechanical and legalistic. The basis of Owen Dioxins viewpoint resides in the assumption that the court acts to facilitate the existence of a definite system of accepted knowledge or thought and that Judgments and other legal writings are evidence of its content[18]. Unlike Leniencys creative or constructionist role, Dixon suggested that: The court and the legal system stand as a necessary foundation of any community. Indeed it may be said that the courts and the system of law are both the foundation and the steel framework, but neither a foundation nor a steel framework is ever able to do more than support a structure with stability and at rest[19]. It was in Dioxins belief that Justice is administered in accordance with the law and not because Justice constructs the law. In Dioxins view, the role of lawyers is to act as a foundation which exists in order to keep the framework steady. It can be inferred from the aforementioned that the court, and consequently the cases which pass through the courts, are already subject to pre-existing laws. There are inherent legal principles that apply to each case and the courts duty is to merely act to uphold these principles[20]. Gerard Brenna sees the situation in a different light and sways away from the revives standpoint of Owen Dioxins strict and complete legalism to acknowledge the changing circumstances which the law faces. Brenna believes that in circumstances where the elicit underlying principles of law are not enough to determine a judgment, the courts need to articulate the principles of the community which give TTY to ten law In quest. In Toweling Graders tannery, ten law, wanly NAS shaped by English Judges and later Australian, only changes in response to a changing community[21]. Eden Under Graders view, the acknowledgement of the inherent principles and their enhancing authority supports the discretion of the Judiciary when faced with new situations. This approach can be seen as an alternative to the idea of strict legalism and also the creative approach as taken by Lineally. Although Karl Lineally has been criticized for his stance on the matter, he has shown that he would agree with the statement that, Judges decide cases however they personally wish to, or however they feel at the time. Lineally has shown skepticism towards the rules by which the courts decided cases[22], and in turn the processes by which Judges are able to make their Judgments.

Handling Stress Essays - Stress, Social Support, Relaxation

Handling Stress Essays - Stress, Social Support, Relaxation Handling Stress # This essay is about handling the stress of University studies. We will be looking into many ideas and different people?s views on how to handle stress. I will also be giving my own opinions on how I think stress can be controlled or relieved. The first thing we must do is ask ourselves one very important question, ?what is stress WHAT IS STRESS? According to an Australian born physician, Hans Selye (1979), stress is the nonspecific response of the body to any demand made upon it. The body responds in many ways. One is to the loss of blood and the other is to the lack of sleep. Both of these are nonspecific responses, however all demands made on the body evoke generalised, nonspecific responses. For example, they all unable you to concentrate as would normally be expected, they activate one?s sympathetic nervous system, and they also increase the amount of the hormone epinephrine that is being released into your body. When people say they?ve been under going alot of stress they are usually referring to a couple of unpleasant experiences. Now that we have an idea on what stress is the next question we should ask ourselves is ?what is or can cause stress?. CAUSES OF STRESS There are many different things that cause stress. One may be if you have a big term paper due and you want to do your best to impress your seminar leader. Another may be peer or family related. All in all it is things, events, situations, and people that cause stress. It is how we perceive them that will determine whether or not stress will be a result from the encounter. Not only negative situations are the cause of stress. Joy and happiness can also cause stress even though they are positive. In a sense, it is we then who choose our own stressors. Selye noted that with the absence of stress there is death. Current researchers are also discovering that too little stress may be a major cause of depression or boredom. It is therefore up to us to choose the best Handling Stress # stressors and the optimal level of stress. Since we have now begun to understand the definition of stress as well as the causes we now ask ourselves ?what can I do to control my stress CONTROLLING STRESS There have been many studies done on the managements of stress. One group of researchers found out that many university students tended to gain weight their first year away from home. These ?students stated they overate in response to the many life-style changes and varying stresses of the university environment (Journal of College Student Personnel)?. This group of students were placed in stress management sessions. These sessions included overall stress assessment, assertiveness training, time management, exploration of stressful thoughts or belief systems, and life-style and stress reducers. The main focus of these sessions were: a) how to manage stress by using things other than food and b) how to apply stress management principles to the amount of food you take in. The majority of these students found better ways to manage or control their stress by using more healthful outlets, such as walking or taking up a sport. During the last twenty years disease prevention and health promotion have been found to be related to the development of healthy life-style behaviour and the management of stress. The course entitled ? Psychology and the Management of Stress: Theory and Application? (Personnel and Guidance Journal), has been set up to: a) acquaint students with theory and research related to stress management techniques b) to provide guidance and information about diet, physical exercise, and other matters of a healthy life-style and c) to provide an opportunity for students to learn and practice how to apply stress management to their present lives. Each Handling Stress # course is developed around four dimensions. Two of these are, ?the influences of diet, physical exercise, and alcohol, drug, and cigarette use on stress and physical health?, and ?principles related to effective time management?. These courses have been proven to be highly effective. The stages in which the students are taught are as follows: a) the students are asked to

The Original 13 States of the United States

The Original 13 States of the United States The first 13 states of the United States of America were comprised of the original British colonies established between 17th and 18th centuries. While the first English settlement in North America was the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, established 1607, the permanent 13  colonies were established as follows: The New England Colonies New Hampshire Province, chartered as a British colony in 1679Massachusetts Bay Province chartered as a British colony in1692Rhode Island Colony chartered as a British colony in 1663Connecticut Colony chartered as a British colony in 1662 The Middle Colonies New York Province, chartered as a British colony in 1686New Jersey Province, chartered as a British colony in 1702Pennsylvania Province, a proprietary colony established in 1681Delaware Colony (before 1776, the Lower Counties on the Delaware River), a proprietary colony established in 1664 The Southern Colonies Maryland Province, a proprietary colony established in 1632Virginia Dominion and Colony, a British colony established in 1607Carolina Province, a proprietary colony established 1663Divided Provinces of North and South Carolina, each chartered as British colonies in 1729Georgia Province, a British colony established in 1732 Establishment of the 13 States The 13 states were officially established by the Articles of Confederation, ratified on March 1, 1781. The Articles created a loose confederation of sovereign states operating alongside a weak central government. Unlike the current power-sharing system of â€Å"federalism,† the Articles of Confederation bestowed most governmental powers to the states. The need for a stronger national government soon became apparent and eventually led to the Constitutional Convention in 1787. The United States Constitution replaced the Articles of Confederation on March 4, 1789.The original 13 states recognized by the Articles of Confederation were (in chronological order): Delaware (ratified the Constitution on December 7, 1787)Pennsylvania (ratified the Constitution on December 12, 1787)New Jersey (ratified the Constitution on December 18, 1787)Georgia (ratified the Constitution on January 2, 1788)Connecticut (ratified the Constitution on January 9, 1788)Massachusetts (ratified the Constitution on February 6, 1788)Maryland (ratified the Constitution on April 28, 1788)South Carolina (ratified the Constitution on May 23, 1788)New Hampshire (ratified the Constitution on June 21, 1788)Virginia (ratified the Constitution on June 25, 1788)New York (ratified the Constitution on July 26, 1788)North Carolina (ratified the Constitution on November 21, 1789)Rhode Island (ratified the Constitution on May 29, 1790) Along with the 13 North American colonies, Great Britain also controlled New World colonies in present-day Canada, the Caribbean, as well as East and West Florida by 1790. Today, the process by which U.S. territories attain full statehood is left largely to the discretion of Congress under Article IV, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution, which states, in part, â€Å"The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚   Brief History of the US Colonies While the Spanish were among the first Europeans to settle in the â€Å"New World,† England had by the 1600s established itself as the dominant governing presence along the Atlantic coast of what would become the United States. The first English colony in America was founded in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia. Many of the settlers had come to the New World to escape religious persecution or in hopes of economic gains. In September 1620, the Pilgrims, a group of oppressed religious dissidents from England, boarded their ship, the Mayflower and set sail for the New World. Arriving off the coast of what is now Cape Cod in November 1620, they established a settlement at Plymouth, Massachusetts. After surviving great initial hardships in adjusting to their new homes, colonists in both Virginia and Massachusetts thrived with the well-publicized assistance of nearby Native American tribes. While increasingly large crops of corn kept them fed, tobacco in Virginia provided them with a lucrative source of income. By the early 1700s a growing share of the colonies’ population was comprised of African slaves. By 1770, the population of Britain’s 13 North American colonies had grown to more than 2 million people. By the early 1700s enslaved Africans made up a growing percentage of the colonial population. By 1770, more than 2 million people lived and worked in Great Britains 13 North American colonies. Government in the Colonies On November 11, 1620, before establishing their Plymouth Colony, the Pilgrims drafted the Mayflower Compact, a social contract in which they basically agreed that they would govern themselves. The powerful precedent for self-government set by the Mayflower Compact would be reflected in the system of public town meetings that guided colonial governments across New England. While the 13 colonies were indeed  allowed a high degree of self-government, the British system of mercantilism ensured that the colonies existed purely to benefit the economy of the  mother country. Each colony was allowed to develop its own limited government, which operated under a colonial governor appointed by and answerable to the British Crown. With the exception of the British-appointed governor, the colonists freely elected their own government representatives who were required to administer the English system of â€Å"common law.† Significantly, most decisions of the local colonial governments had to be reviewed and approved by both the colonial governor and the British Crown. A system which would become more cumbersome and contentious as the colonies grew and prospered. By the 1750s, the colonies had started dealing with each other in matters concerning their economic interests, often without consulting the British Crown. This led to a growing feeling of American identity among the colonists who began to demand that the Crown protect their â€Å"Rights as Englishmen,† particularly the right of â€Å"no taxation without representation.† The colonists’ continued and growing grievances with the British government under the rule of King George III would lead to the colonists’ issuance of the Declaration of Independence in 1776, the American Revolution, and eventually, the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Today, the American flag prominently displays thirteen horizontal red and white stripes representing the original thirteen colonies.

The development of business activities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The development of business activities - Essay Example One of the major obstacles towards the increase of performance of the firm’s stores across the country seems to be the lack of fair and effective performance appraisal methods and reward systems; despite the fact that the performance appraisal methods should be based on the close cooperation between managers and employees (Falcone et al., 2007, 5) in DIY the level of cooperation among employees of different levels seems to be quite low. In fact, the store managers do not particularly interested in communicating with the employees of the store that is under their supervision – rather they are likely to emphasize on the increase of the profitability of the store – an increase of which they are going to be rewarded – through the Performance Related Pay (PRP) scheme applied to all the firm’s stores across Britain. At a next level, employees in DIY do not participate in the procedures related to the appraisal of their performance – even if their p articipation in the relevant schemes is required – as noted in the study of Harrington (2007, 58) where an emphasis is paid to the importance of performance reviews conducted by employees. It should be noted that no training of employees seems to be included in the firm’s current performance management system; training should be offered to employees and refer not only to the aspects of the firm’s performance management system but also to their skills – aiming to increase the employees’ skills and capabilities; such a training scheme would help towards the improvement of employees’ motivation.

Code of Professional Ethics and Conduct Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Code of Professional Ethics and Conduct - Essay Example Each and every member of AICPA should be aware of the Interpretations, disciplinary actions and code of conduct thereby providing framework to work and provide desired results without affecting the ethical codes. This paper discusses in detail specific rules related to CPA Code of Ethics and Conduct focusing on : Section 102 – Integrity and Objectivity Section 201- Professional Competence Section 202 – Compliance with Standards Section 501 – Acts Discreditable Each section dscusses a separate cases on the expectation of code and its violation, the disciplinary action involved, prospects for AICPA to prevent breach in the above codes and personal viewpoints on disciplinary actions taken. 2. Case for Section 102 – Integrity and Objectivity (James W. Kingery of Lubbock, Texas) ... Discussion The decision taken by AICPA is apt according to the disciplinary procedures as upon misrepresentation of facts and figures of a company, it is the welfare of the end consumer. i.e. the Investor which is being questioned. The investors take their major investment decisions based on the financial statements and other details provided by the company, and this being misrepresented can lead to negative results for the investor thereby leading to huge losses or even closure of funds. Simultaneously, the same situation can arise for the company as it can lead to cooking up books and creating a bubble which can burst at any given point of time creating losses for end number of institutional and retail investors. Hence, a professional CPA appointed by the company has to comply with the standards and norms and it is his responsibility to educate the management about the consequences of misrepresentation of facts, which unfortunately Mr.Kingery failed to implement. Hence, the decisio n taken by AICPA stands to be apt for the unethical behavior of the member. Prospects for AICPA to prevent misrepresentation of facts Create database of companies who have hired CPA’s and perform second line audit activities on a regular basis to ascertain deviations by keeping the CPA framework . A post mortem review by Apex body would be advisable thereby limiting the liability of CPA and minimize the chances of fraudulent practices to arise in the organization. (Mortimer, 2003) 3. Case for Section 201- Professional Competence (Bruno A Fedele, Jenkintown, Pennsylvania) Professional Competence is the ability to perform professional services that is based on professional standards through application of knowledge and skill with proper diligence (Mele, 2005). A CPA member is

Auteur Analysis Of Tyler Perry Film Studies Essay

Auteur Analysis Of Tyler Perry Film Studies Essay Tyler Perry, a 42 year old self proclaimed writer actor and director to the urban circuit has single handedly changed the direction of mass media in general. My gearing more to a specific audience that main stream holly wood has not quite caught up with .I will discuss the themes Mr. Perry is drawn to along with his signature style and similarities between three different films that he has written and produced. The films I will use for reference will be as follows The family that preys I can do bad all by myself and For colored girls. All films deal with black and white women alike in struggle of some sort. The signature style of this director would best be described as black feminism but also empowerment. The definition of black feminism is the rejected idea of a single unified gender oppression that is experienced evenly by all women but rather is dictated by the color of your skin .Also the empowerment aspect is very bold in his movies because usually by the end of these films his main character is better because of the journey she has taken. I can do bad all by myself is a film that deals with three sibling whos alcoholic aunt Amy refuses to take care of them but has no choice since her mother has since passed away. Aunt Amy is living off of her married boyfriend and works nights in a local club singing well known songs. Tyler Perry often draw music into most of his films but specifically music of African American culture such as RB , black church spirituals and rarely rap music. Both of the other two movies I have noted have RB music as well as dramatic scores included this is definitely a signature style of Perry. Also most of the elements placed in front of the camera are simple or modest. Most character are easily relatable and down to earth. The film For colored girls directly relates to the previous motion picture I have mentioned, because it to deals with black females playing the leading roles all with varying levels of issues. The first main character Juanita is so in love that she allows herself to be hurt by a man who continues to love and her and leave her. The second main character crystal and her children are being abused by her post traumatic stress disordered boyfriend who she refuses to marry but is scared to leave behind. A young girl who becomes unexpectedly impregnated and a woman who is raped by a man she allows to take her out dinner with. Another way this corresponds to the above mentioned work is because the element of flash back is used in both films. In this movie flash back is used when the young girl is becomes pregnant reminisces about the illegal abortionist she has gone to see to end that childs life. In I can do bad all by myself Amy the immature aunt has a flash back of what it must have been like when her mother passed away. Supposedly of a brain aneurism on the local metro bus. Another similar between the two movies are the themes which are both drama. the family that preys is a film about yet another women of color who is semmingly successful but has a dark secret. The secret being the infedility to her husband a construction worker who dreams of opening his own business but her affair is not with just anyone but with her boss who is also her husband boss and she works with in the firm he works as a construction worker building new business platforms. Again we find a woman who is in a troubled position and does not know exactly what to do to get out of it, but is better for journey. A recurring aspect to all three films would have to be Tylers use of available lighting in I can do bad all by myself the sun rises on the morning of the day that Amy opens the door to find that her niece and two nephews have been stealing and caught by the lovable character Madea who Tyler Perry plays him self as we know he is an actor also. The family that preys uses available light in most if not all scenes one in particular as charlotte and Alice t ake a road trip and stop in a quaint town for ice cream just to enjoy the surrounding views. Finally For colored girls captures the use of lighting by using a lot of windows with in Jos office and aides an aspect of dominance because she has the quintessential corner office with a view . Drama is great theme to use because it usually draws the movie goers in with an assortment of twist and turns that the characters go through. Also it is one of the most relatable characteristics to life as people live it. Who can honestly say they have never been lied to, hurt or deceived? Although Tyler Perry is often met with criticism and praise he continues to produce films on topics dealing with comedy and or drama. Criticisms because he is assumed to only use stereotypical topics within the black community such as rape violence alcoholism lack of money or success and infidelity. Praised because he has single employed more black actors since 2005 than any other black cinematographer to date .but are these topics and storylines really racially motivated? Would they be any less valid if only white people played these roles? Perrys childhood was not that of a perfect one he once attempted suicide to escape is fathers beatings .At age 16 he had his name legally changed for Emmitt to Tyler to distance himself from his fathers. After production of the film Precious was finished Tyler reviewed the movie and was then compelled to tell his story, having been molested as a child by his friends mother at he age of ten and by three other men previous to this . I believe this is the reason Tyler chooses the subject matter that he portrays in his movies because he has first hand been the one to live it in some various scenes an example would be in the movie I can do bad all by myself Amys boyfriend who is actually married to another person engages in inappropriate behavior with her niece by secretly hitting on her. Overall Tyler Perrys signature style is that of a realist. Real people with real issues that find there ways through life. He deals with adult subject matter that sometimes includes comedy that can sometimes entertain young adults or teenagers. All three movies have countless similarities but I hope that have named enough to suffice. Although Perry receives a lot of criticism for his movies I for one respect him for having a idea and creating a plat form to express it .What better than the realm of cinema which is completely of your own expression and ideas but together not with one picture but many and if a picture is worth a thousand words then Tyler Perrys films are worth a million.

Can we trust our emotions in the pursuit of knowledge Essay

I feel that knowledge is learning or feeling something that you didn’t know before. The pursuit of knowledge comes through sheer experience. Knowledge surpasses formal schooling. Schooling is educational but neither textbook nor teacher can allow one to experience knowledge that is experienced when on a journey, a journey to explore new things. With emotion on will delve deep and learn more than ever opening up avenues never seen before. That is the pursuit of knowledge. With emotions aiding the pursuit of knowledge one will learn a broader spectrum of things. Using emotions in history and the arts is a trustworthy action. In history one will see that emotions are entwined in every story because that is what history is, a compilation of stories from different sources and point of views. Who’s to say what the truth in history is? Who is the judge on whether a historical account is true or not? No one is the judge. This is what makes the pursuit of knowledge in history a purely emotional experience. It is hard to really know what is true because in different cultures and regions of the world history is told from different angles. History that one learns in school is not told from different angles. It is told from an angle that portrays a certain attitude from the compiler of historical facts. Depending on what side you are on in history reflects the publicity of certain events. In schools certain topics are talked about more often, such as victories. Although the events in history may be emotional the pursuit of this knowledge is not emotional. It is only information; therefore, emotions should not be trusted when dealing with this type. Familial history is different for every person because everyone has backgrounds that are of many origins. When a person learns about their history it is many times oral history that has been told for generations. Oral history is bound to change dramatically because as the story is told, different variations and exaggerations are added. When one person tells a story one portion of the story may be enhanced and talked about more, but that parts that aren’t told as much may be the truth and most important parts of the story. Familial history is emotional. This history encompasses struggles and successes. Each thing that happens in a family’s history holds an emotional impact on the person or people that witnessed these things. Many times if the past is hard to talk about, due to heavy emotional impact, the story is changed or not reported. Tying emotions to pursuit of knowledge in history is unpreventable because history is an emotional subject. When a person sees art many emotions arise that causes wonderment. The journey to understanding what art is conveying is what brings forth emotion that lead one to understanding. African drumming and dancing is something that I grew up doing and listening to. In the beginning it was something that I did and never wondered about. After my retirement from drumming and dancing I saw a performance and it set me on a roller coaster of thoughts. Through the gyrations and deep thuds moving in synchronization I experienced something I never felt while playing all of those years. Through the drumming I felt the rhythm of my own heart and through the movements life was breathed into the auditorium. The swift and acrobatic movement represented structure and valor. The drums often turned into a rough chant that spoke belligerent tones and softened, as the movements became more fluid. The drums spoke and the movements of the dancer’s bodies told a story. Through emotions, art comes alive and new knowledge was gained from that single experiences. Because there is not a wrong answer in art it is often easier to trust emotions. Art is emotional. Emotional is what humans are; this makes us all artist. Because trusting emotions in art is simple one can challenge their mind and try to understand what is behind the art form. Through paintings and mixed media different thoughts could be conveyed according to what emotions it causes a person to have. The artist could have intended for it to convey one emotion when according to past experiences of the viewer it conveys a different tone. In the language arts†¦ Although one can trust emotions in the pursuit of knowledge one mustn’t trust emotion to validate knowledge. People have their own truths. Truth changes, but knowledge doesn’t. Truth changes because of a different perception that each person has. Truth is what we all believe to be valid. Knowledge is different in every person. The pursuit of knowledge is a journey. When the destination is met one can’t trust emotions to thread through the truths and falsifications, but trusting your emotions on the journey is definitely possible and makes the expedition unique to the traveler.

John Grisham s The Pelican Brief - 850 Words

Pelican Brief Research Essay In John Grisham’s The Pelican Brief, he correctly identifies how the criminal justice system works and shows how it can be corrupted for favorable outcomes. The criminal justice system is the set of agencies and processes established by the government to control crime and impose penalties on those who violate the law (TCJS). â€Å"The ideal result is making offenders pay for, and repent, their criminal acts while delivering recompense to the victims† (USCJS). John Grisham had a career within the criminal justice system, so most of his books are about or include the criminal justice system. He uses his knowledge to make his books feel realistic and that is one of the reasons he is such a great writer. John Grisham was born in Jonesboro, Arkansas on February 8th, 1955 (Gale). He first went to Mississippi State and majored in accounting and then earned his law degree at the University of Mississippi (Gale). After earning his law degree, h e opened a small practice in Southaven, specializing in criminal defense (Gale). Grisham began growing restless, so he decided to run for the state legislature and won his post in 1984 (Gale). He began writing his first book, A Time To Kill, after hearing a girl s testimony in court in 1987 (Gale). When his second book, The Firm, became a huge hit, he quit his law practice and focused on writing (Gale). Grisham then wrote The Pelican Brief and finished it in 100 days (Gale). The Pelican Brief also became aShow MoreRelatedJohn Grisham s The Pelican Brief884 Words   |  4 Pages In John Grisham’s The Pelican Brief, two supreme court justices are assassinated, which the reader can compare to other assassinations in history. With former president John F. Kennedy’s assassination, the reader can connect the political aspects of the book to a real life situation, and with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s assassination, the reader can see how sometimes your very own opinions can get you killed (Grisham). The reader can also compare John Grisham himself to both Kennedy and King becauseRead MoreJohn Grisham s The Pelican Brief885 Words   |  4 PagesEssay Paper In John Grisham’s The Pelican Brief, two supreme court justices are assassinated, which the reader can compare to other assassinations in history. With former president John F. Kennedy’s assassination, the reader can connect the political aspects of the book to a real life situation, and with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s assassination, the reader can see how sometimes your very own opinions can get you killed (Grisham). The reader can also compare John Grisham himself to both KennedyRead MoreAnalysis Of John Grisham s The Pelican Brief1531 Words   |  7 PagesIn John Grisham’s The Pelican Brief, He brings up oil and gas companies drilling in the wetlands, which is destroying them, and I decided to investigate further about how these companies have been hurting the environment. The main way that the wetlands are being killed is from the salt water that is intruding into the marshes from the canals, that gas and oil companies use, are the way that most s alt water gets so deep inside the wetlands (Barnowski). Oil and gas companies are always trying to buildRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article The Pelican Brief 1287 Words   |  6 PagesWetlands In Grisham’s novel, The Pelican Brief, he presents a case where an organization attempts to protect the coastal marshes of Louisiana against the selfish oil companies and citizens that wish to destroy it for money. This is a tremendous concern that people deal with in America. John Grisham wrote The Pelican Brief, in 1992 and it was one of his best selling books. Louisiana’s marshes are being destroyed and are suffering greatly because of humans. Grisham shows extensive knowledge of theRead MoreEthical Issues in the Pelican Brief1372 Words   |  6 PagesIn the hit book, The Pelican Brief, John Grishams depiction of lawyers who will do anything for money and their clients presents an interesting ethical dilemma. In the book, two Supreme Court justices are killed by a hired assassin, Khamel. FBI, CIA, and the press are working hard to find who the killer is. The only people who know the truth are attorneys from White and Blazevich, Nathaniel Jones (also known as Einst ein), Jarreld Schwabe, Marty Velmano, and F. Sims Wakefield and their client, VictorRead More The Works of John Grisham Essay3004 Words   |  13 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;John Grisham was born in Jonesboro, Arkansas on February 8, 1955. His parents were a construction worker and a homemaker. As a child, John Grisham dreamed of one day becoming a professional baseball player. In 1967, his family moved to the town of Southaven, Mississippi. Ten years later he received an undergraduate degree in accounting from Mississippi State University. In 1981, he received a law degree from Ole Miss. That same year, he married Renee Jones. He alsoRead MoreWho Is The Father Of Mystery?1702 Words   |  7 PagesEdgar Allan Poe, Arthur Conan Doyle, and John Grisham all have very different childhoods, but they all have one thing in common and that is that they are all popular mystery writers. Family troubles, beliefs, and education all influenced their writings. Mystery authors have evolved over time, these authors from three different time periods are: Edgar Allan Poe, Arthur Conan Doyle, and John Grisham. Edgar Allan Poe was a popular mystery writer of the mid 1800’s. He was an American poet, a short-story

I Heard A Fly, By Michael Ryan - 1809 Words

When Emily Dickinson was still in her teenage years, she began to experience pain all around her. Life and death became a prevalent topic as Ryan introduces, â€Å"Her bedroom from the age of sixteen to twenty-four overlooked the village graveyard; repeatedly, in the close community of Amherst, she was privy to the loss of children, parents, spouses, inmates†. By the time she was older, her poetry was very eloquent and thought out. In her poem â€Å"I heard a Fly Buzz- when I died-†, also referred to as 465, she demonstrated her abilities to think and express feelings well beyond her years (15). Through the course of the poem one reading without analysis will understand that a fly buzzed in the room while the narrator encountered death. However,†¦show more content†¦In â€Å"465† Dickinson demonstrates her particular focus on a moment, the moment of the narrator’s death; even more so, Dickinson evokes question in our minds as we wonder how the nar rator can deliver this information after dying; Ryan iterates, â€Å"We’re being spoken to by a dead person†. As the stanza continues forth, the reader is notified that the room is still, that the room is like a very calm scene. Ryan emphasizes that this information distracts the reader momentarily from the idea that a dead person is communicating, rather our minds focus on this supposed stillness; we ponder if the silence allows us to hear the thoughts. Regardless, for one to make the comparison, they must be detached; no longer worrying about death. They feel the freedom to compare this storm from the perspective of both parties, the people next to the death bead and the person on it. To consider what that moment of stillness is, prior to the death, the instant of dying, and the afterlife and mourning; that instant of dying is stillness, it is before watchers react, before the dead reaches their resting place, it is serenity (Ryan 15). After these moments of serenity , the narrator brings us to the room of mourners as they had â€Å"wrung their eyes dry† (Dickinson). The implanting of past tense is intention to allow the reader to move forward as the death had already occurred. These are the moments when the watchers have gathered themselves, caught